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| langs = Udmurt, Russian | related = other Uralic peoples (particularly Permic peoples such as the Komi) }} The Udmurts are a people who speak the Udmurt language. Throughout history they have been known in Russian as ' (), Otyaks, Wotyaks or Votyaks (most-known name), and in Tatar as '. There have been claims that they are the "most red-headed" people in the world.〔Fernandez-Armesto, F., ed. (1994), ''The Times Guide to the Peoples of Europe''. London: Times Books.〕 The long-extinct Budini tribesmen, said to have been precursors of the modern Udmurts, were described as being predominantly red-headed by the ancient Greek historian Herodotus. ==Etymology== The name ''Udmurt'' probably comes from *''odo-mort'' 'meadow people,' where the first part represents the Permic root *''od''(''o'') 'meadow, glade, turf, greenery', and the second part ''murt'' means 'person' (cf. Komi ''mort'', Mari ''mari''), an early borrowing from an Iranian language (such as Scythian): *''mertä'' or *''martiya'' 'person, man' (cf. Urdu/Persian ''mard''). This is supported by a document dated 1557, in which the Udmurts are referred to as ''lugovye lyudi'' 'meadow people', alongside the traditional Russian name ''otyaki'' .〔A.G. Ivanov, "Udmurty – 'Lugovye lyudi'", ''Linguistica Uralica'' Vol. 27, No. 3 (1991), pp. 188–92.〕 On the other hand, in the Russian tradition, the name 'meadow people' refers to the inhabitants of the left bank of river in general. Recently, the most relevant is the version of V. V. Napolskikh and S. K. Belykh. They suppose that ethnonym was borrowed from the Iranian entirely: *''anta-marta'' 'resident of outskirts, border zone' (cf. ''Antes'') → Proto-Permic *''odə-mort'' → Udmurt ''udmurt''.〔Белых С. К., Напольских В. В. (Этноним ''удмурт'': исчерпаны ли альтернативы? ) ''Linguistica Uralica''. T. 30, № 4. Tallinn, 1994.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Udmurt people」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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